Empowerment Self-Defense for Survivors of Sexual Violence

(ESD Trial)

This trial aims to determine if empowerment self-defense training can assist Indigenous women who have faced sexual violence and experience moderate to severe depression or PTSD (a condition causing strong reactions to trauma). The program teaches practical self-defense skills and aligns with cultural needs. Indigenous women who have experienced sexual violence and live near the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation may qualify if they report moderate to high levels of depression or PTSD. Participants must be willing to engage in the sessions and related research activities. As an unphased trial, this study offers a unique opportunity for participants to contribute to culturally tailored mental health solutions.

Research shows that empowerment self-defense (ESD) training is safe and well-received. Studies have found that women who take ESD classes experience positive outcomes, such as reduced fear, increased self-confidence, and improved mental health. Participants often feel better about their bodies and generally more empowered.

Researchers are excited about Empowerment Self-Defense Training for survivors of sexual violence because it offers a unique, proactive approach that goes beyond traditional therapy or counseling. Unlike standard treatments, which often focus on emotional and psychological healing, this method empowers survivors by equipping them with practical self-defense skills and strategies. This hands-on training aims to build confidence and resilience, particularly tailored for Indigenous women, who may face unique cultural and historical challenges. By focusing on empowerment and personal safety, this approach offers a fresh pathway to recovery and long-term well-being.

Research has shown that Empowerment Self-Defense (ESD) training can help reduce sexual violence against women. Studies have found that women who take an ESD class are less likely to experience sexual violence and report fewer unwanted advances. Participants also encounter less sexual harassment and pressure. Additionally, ESD training can decrease depression and PTSD symptoms in women who have experienced such violence. After these classes, women often feel more confident and have higher self-esteem. This trial will specifically evaluate the impact of ESD training for Indigenous women survivors. Although specific data for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women is not yet available, these findings suggest they might also benefit.¹⁴⁵⁶⁷